Kyrgyzstan Mountains

However, a more original idea of ​​the identification of Karkar (a) Khan, a mountainous area, located south of the Irtysh River - near Tarbagatai Kalbinsky up the ridge, including a range Chingiztau, B. E. Kumekov offered. According to him, Tarbagatay ridge called Girgir mentioned in the book the author of the XII century. Al-Idrisi, "Nuzhat al-Mushtaq", perhaps in this case, the anonymous author of al-Idrisi could use the same historical information about Kimaks, which allows to draw a parallel between the Karkar (a) Khan on "Hudud al-Alam" with Girgir on "Nuzhat al-Mushtaq." In this regard, B. E. Kumekov also drew attention to a tradition recorded in the "at-Majmoo tavarikh" Sayf al-Din Akhsikent (XVI c.), In which the epic hero Manas, the Kyrgyz people are from among the Kipchaks Karkar. This greatly enhances the idea of ​​comparing arguments Karkar (a) Khan, a Tarbagatay mountains, as they are also as an area of ​​Kipchak Karkara, Aboriginal tent father Manas Yakub Beg, located on the north-east of the Seven Rivers. Directions to the settlement of the Kyrgyz tribes in the north-eastern limits of Seven Rivers in the vicinity of Chigils are in the "Hudud al-Alam."
In general, the above facts suggest that, during the mixing of the Yenisei Kirghiz newcomers with local kimak-Kipchak, Oghuz and toguz [C. 216] (Uighur) Kirghiz tribes have adapted to the new environment, but, obviously, an ancient local population of the Altai and Irtysh took self-ruling group, ie Kirghiz, which since the formation of the Kyrgyz Khanate became a POLYTONE. Post Gardizi that "to the tribe, which had gathered around him, he gave the name of the Kirghiz" is clear evidence of transfer of the ethno "Kirghiz" in a different ethnic environment.